Investigating the Effect of a Single Peristalsis Wave on Unobstructed Ureter Using a Computational Technique

Laxmikant G Keni1

Satish Shenoy B1

Padmaraj Hegde2

Prakashini K3

Masaaki Tamagawa4

Shah Mohammad Abdul Khader5

BM Zeeshan Hameed6

Mohammad Zuber1, Email

1Department of Aeronautical and Automobile Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
2Department of Urology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
3Department of Radio Diagnosis, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
4Department of Biological Functions and Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu,  Fukuoka 804-0015, Japan
5Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
6Department of Urology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore 575002, Karnataka, India.

Abstract

The ureter transports the urine from the kidney to the bladder. During the peristalsis, the contraction of the ureter helps to move the urine in bolus form. In the current work, the ureter is modeled and a single peristalsis wave is used to know the effect of pressure and velocity at a different location in the ureter at different intervals of time for four inlet boundary conditions. A three-dimensional ureter model with 275 mm length is used in the current work. The analysis is carried out using a commercially available computational dynamic package ANSYS-CFX. A single sinusoidal peristaltic wave with a change in pressure is used for the analysis. The inlet pressure is varied as 0.1 Pa,0.3 Pa,0.5 Pa, and 0.7 Pa. The maximum pressure was found to be 1.28 Pa at an input pressure of 0.7Pa. In the neck region, a negative pressure of -1.03 Pa is observed at 0.1 Pa. At time T/4 it is observed that the maximum velocity of 0.0406 m/s at N1. In all the other time steps and locations, the minimum velocity of 0.017 m/s is observed. The reverse flow due to negative pressure will develop the urinary tract infection in the ureter and result in the bacteria and toxins from the ureter into the renal pelvis and kidneys. 

Investigating the Effect of a Single Peristalsis Wave on Unobstructed Ureter Using a Computational Technique