Response Surface Optimization of Cannabidiol Extracted from Hemp by Vacuum Heat Pump Drying
Abstract
The aim of this study was to optimize vacuum drying conditions for Hemp to maximize the preservation of cannabidiol (CBD). To achieve this, the response surface methodology was employed in conjunction with a Box–Behnken experimental design, comprising 17 experiments conducted under varying conditions of temperature, air velocity and vacuum pressure. The response variable measured was the total CBD content in the extracts obtained from each experimental condition. The independent variables included temperature (30–50 °C), air velocity (2–4 m/s), and vacuum pressure (20–40 kPa). Statistical analysis indicated significant linear effects of vacuum pressure and air velocity on CBD content (P < 0.05), while all independent variables demonstrated considerable quadratic effects. However, the interaction effects between these factors were not statistically significant. The optimal conditions for maximizing CBD content were identified at an air velocity of 1.9 m/s, a pressure of 39 kPa, and a temperature of 39 °C, yielding a predicted CBD content of 305 mg/g dry weight, closely matching the experimental result of 310 mg/g dry weight. This research supports efficient, quality CBD production for therapeutic, food, cosmetic, and wellness applications, enhancing safety and efficiency through optimized extraction of bioactive compounds globally.
