The dynamic processes of nanomaterials are common phenomena in material science and biological system. Liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with high resolution provides unprecedented insights into dynamical processes by in situ imaging. This review summarizes the technical developments and the breakthroughs during 2014-2019 in the field of nanoparticles nucleation and growth, nanoparticles corrosion, self-assembly of nanomaterials, dynamical processes in vivo, in situ electrochemistry and radiolysis induced reaction in energy systems. The recent research developments in the liquid-phase TEM will promote advancement for material science and bioscience.